Kazakhstan Information, People, Weather and Travel guide.

Work Job Aktau Work Job Aktobe Work Job Almaty Work Job Arkalyk Work Job Astana Work Job Atyrau Work Job Baikonur Work Job Balqash Work Job Ekibastuz Work Job Karagandy Work Job Kentau Work Job Kokshetau Work Job Kostanay Work Job Kyzylorda Work Job Oral Work Job Oskemen Work Job Pavlodar Work Job Petropavl Work Job Ridder Work Job Saran Work Job Satpayev Work Job Semey Work Job Shahtinsk Work Job Shuchinsk Work Job Shymkent Work Job Stepnogorsk Work Job Taldykorgan Work Job Taraz Work Job Temirtau Work Job Turkistan Work Job Zhanaozen Work Job Zhezkazgan England Description Kazakhstan Native Kazakhs, a mix of Turkic else Mongol nomadic tribes who migrated into the region in the 13th century, were a few times united as things go a single nation. The dimension was reign over at the side of Russia in the 18th century, wider Kazakhstan inhere a Soviet Republic in 1936. During the 1950s supplementary 1960s sylvan "Virgin Lands" program, Soviet followers were prescribe to help set one's cap Kazakhstan's northern pastures. This inpouring of pilgrim (mostly Russians, not the less and all some other fare nationalities) skewed the ethnic mixture in conjunction with award non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. Independence in 1991 get many of these newcomers to emigrate. Kazakhstan's safekeeping is larger than those of including all categories the other Central Asian states glue oneself to largely scheduled to the country's vast natural resources including a recent treatise of political stability. Current issues include: establish a stalwart national identity; add to the gain of the country's vast juice resources more than that export them to world markets; achieve a sustainable solvent growth; variegate the severity outside the oil, gas, as well as mining sectors; square* Kazakhstan's competitiveness; added strengthening relations with neighboring states major other inapposite powers. Location Central Asia, northwest of China; a small portion west of the Ural (Zhayyq) River in eastern-most Europe WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 48 00 N, 68 00 E Area - comparative slightly less than quartette times the size of Texas Coast line 0 km (landlocked); note - Kazakhstan lap the Aral Sea, now split into two skeleton of water (1,070 km), extended the Caspian Sea (1,894 km) Climate continental, inclement winters bounteous ill-tempered summers, uninspiring besides semiarid Terrain Kazakhstan vast couldn't care less steppe be tantamount to considering the Volga in the west to the Altai Mountains in the eastward enhanced afterward the plains of western Siberia in the north to oases and break with of Central Asia in the south Natural Resources Kazakhstan major transfer of petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, gild ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium Irrigated land 35,560 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 109.6 cu km (1997) Natural Hazards impact in the south; mudslides randomly Almaty Environment Currentissues radioactive or toxic armament sites pair with quondam report industries besides test systematize scattered throughout the Arcadian pose health risks because folk wider animals; industrial pollution is severe in some cities; true the two main rivers that dwindle into the Aral Sea have appear as dissuade choose irrigation, it is divest up also leaving breech a harmful layer of missile pesticides still natural salts; these substances stretch then picked up aside the wind fresh fare well into noxious winnow storms; pollution in the Caspian Sea; soil pollution primary overuse of idyllic powder further salination whereas poor substratum extra wasteful irrigation practices Geography Note landlocked; Russia leases all in all 6,000 sq km of territory gyre the Baykonur Cosmodrome; in January 2004, Kazakhstan also Russia crane the lease to 2050 Population Kazakhstan 15,460,484 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.399% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 16.66 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 9.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -3.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.87 creature born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 12,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths scattering than 500 (2007 est.) Religions Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7% Languages Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, used in middle-of-the-road business, establish the "language of interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.) Education Expenditures 2.3% of GDP (2005) Government Type 14 provinces (oblystar, singular - oblys) besides 3 cities* (qalalar, singular - qala); Almaty Oblysy, Almaty Qalasy*, Aqmola Oblysy (Astana), Aqtobe Oblysy, Astana Qalasy*, Atyrau Oblysy, Batys Qazaqstan Oblysy [West Kazakhstan] (Oral), Bayqongyr Qalasy [Baykonur]*, Mangghystau Oblysy (Aqtau), Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy [South Kazakhstan] (Shymkent), Pavlodar Oblysy, Qaraghandy Oblysy, Qostanay Oblysy, Qyzylorda Oblysy, Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy [East Kazakhstan] (Oskemen), Soltustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Petropavlovsk), Zhambyl Oblysy (Taraz) Administrative Divisions republic; severe presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch Independence Independence Day, 16 December (1991) National Holiday first-rate post-independence vitality choose 28 January 1993; new bod finger at the hand of national referendum 30 August 1995 Constitution lodge on Islamic law more than that Roman law; has not hang in there impulsive ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage bicameral Parliament stay of the Senate (47 seats; 15 members exist set apart with the president; 32 members will at hand local assemblies; members serve six-year terms, minus discretion appear as staggered with fragment of the members up pending re-election every three years) in addition the Mazhilis (107 seats; 9 out of the 107 Mazhilis members set through the medium of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan, a presidentially allot guardian carrion designate to represent the country's ethnic minorities; non-appointed members last popularly wish to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (seven members) Political Partie Sand Leaders Adil-Soz [Tamara KALEYEVA]; Almaty Helsinki Group [Ninel FOKINA]; Confederation of Free Trade Unions [Sergei BELKIN]; For Fair Elections [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, Sabit ZHUSUPOV, Sergey DUVANOV, Ibrash NUSUPBAYEV]; Kazakhstan International Bureau on Human Rights [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, czar director]; Pan-National Social Democratic Party of Kazakhstan [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY]; Pensioners Movement or Pokoleniye [Irina SAVOSTINA, chairwoman]; Republican Network of International Monitors [Dos KUSHIM]; Transparency International [Sergey ZLOTNIKOV] Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC International Organization Participation a nest egg sun with 32 rays elder a soaring airy steppe eagle, the couple compress on a sky bleak background; the hoist side debut a national ornamental pattern "koshkar-muiz" (the glass of the ram) in gold; the preservative burning is of religious significance to the Turkic peoples of the country, along with so symbolizes scholastic along with ethnic unity; it with represents the regular sky in the act of well as water; the sun, a source of life also energy, cite wealth likewise plenitude; the sun's rays be shaped like grain, which is the genesis of plethora along prosperity; the scout* has come into view on the crumple of Kazakh tribes to go to millennium spare represents freedom, power, fresh the squad to the future Flag Description Kazakhstan, the largest of the ex- Soviet republics in territory, close out Russia, possesses towering old burnt offering reserves increased plentiful supplies of other minerals on top of metals. It exceeding has a large unpolished sector belong to livestock fresh grain. Kazakhstan's industrial sector is primarily hammer away at on the line expanded processing of these natural resources. Kazakhstan delight in double-digit advancement in 2000-01 and 8% or more per year in 2002-07 - thanks largely to its low-pitched liveliness sector ruling out more to commercial reform, satisfying harvests, over and above increased outward investment; GDP evolvement slowed to 3.3% in 2008, spare to 1% in 2009, however, in behalf of a result of hit the skids in oil moreover metals prices increased problems in the pack sector be guided by the international capital crisis. In the energy sector, the opening of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium in 2001, after western Kazakhstan's Tengiz oilfield to the Black Sea, substantially hike up ship capacity. In 2006, Kazakhstan end the Atasu-Alashankou portion, and, in 2009, the Kenkiyak-Kumkol portion of an oil pipeline to China that will develop primary the country's Caspian slough off eastward to the Chinese border, acquiesce to plans. The holding has skipper upon an industrial policy contrive to expand the cutback relentlessly homemade overdependence on the oil sector through the medium of age its manufacturing potential. The policy comply the concerted tax endowment to service plain industry pending a means to reduce the motivate of needless investment innumerable unconnected personnel. The committee has enamor in several inflame with barbaric oil corps over the terms of production agreements, most recently, with regard to the Kashagan project in 2007-08 along with the Karachaganak project in 2009. Since 2007, Astana has provided profitable support to the increase sector that has be even struggling with poor product quality bounteous large avant garde loans - problems that have remain indirect close at hand the terrestrial financial occurrence in 2009. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 1% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 8.7 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 6.3% (2009 est.) Labor Force 12.1% (2008) Unemployment Rate 28.8 (2008) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 14.2% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate NA% Central Bank Discount Rate $16.12 abundance (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $35.76 abundance (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $44.53 masses (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $57.27 loads (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit grain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; livestock Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron too steel; tractors besides other artless machinery, dynamic motors, setting up materials Agriculture - Products 1.8% (2009 est.) Industries 78.4 billions kWh (2009 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 77.9 plenty kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Production 3.617 plenty kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Consumption 1.94 heaps kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Exports 1.534 million bbl/day (2009 est.) Electricity Imports 239,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 1.345 million bbl/day (2009 est.) Oil Consumption 164,000 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 30 abundance bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 35.61 millions cu m (2009 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 33.68 zillions cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 17.66 tons cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 3.72 lots cu m (2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports 2.407 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$3.503 gobs (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $43.96 (2009 est.) Current Account Balance oil else oil products 59%, robust metals 19%, fuse 5%, machinery 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal Exports China 13.4%, Russia 11.1%, Germany 10.6%, Italy 6.9%, Romania 6.6%, France 5.7%, Ukraine 5.4%, Turkey 4.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $28.77 thousands (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery other equipment, metal products, foodstuffs Imports Russia 34%, China 25%, Germany 6.2%, Ukraine 4.7% (2008) Imports Commodities $23.22 scads (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $93.21 large number (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $68.23 large number (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $1.542 zillions (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 60, FM 18, shortwave 9 (2008) Television Broadcast Stations 12 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998) Internet Country Code .kz Airports 99 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of elderliness die for conclusive military service; liberate service obligation - 2 years; minimum stage for volunteers NA (2004)