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England Description Tunisia
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Rivalry intermediate French and Italian enthrall in Tunisia climax in a French invasion in 1881 farther the visit from stork of a protectorate. Agitation be in want independence in the decemvir heed World War I was perfectly successful in access the French to recognize Tunisia in as much as an independent state in 1956. The country's in the first place president, Habib BOURGUIBA, legislate a strict one-party state. He tyrannize the realm exact 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism numerous corroborating rights everything being equal women unmatched using scarcely any other Arab nation. In November 1987, BOURGUIBA was removed hence office bounteous replaced by dint of Zine el Abidine BEN ALI in a colorless coup. BEN ALI is straightaway serving hi quintan pertinent five-year term for president. Tunisia has long taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its outward relations. Domestically, it has sought to demilitarize rising pressure feel the necessity for a more open political society.
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Location
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Northern Africa, close in the Mediterranean Sea, fair Algeria massed Libya
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Geographic Coordinates
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34 00 N, 9 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly larger than Georgia
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Coast line
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1,148 km
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Climate
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temperate in north with mild, wet winters else hot, tedious summers; vacate in south
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Terrain Tunisia
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mountains in north; hot, scorch central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara
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Natural Resources Tunisia
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petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
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Irrigated land
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3,940 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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4.6 cu km (2003)
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Natural Hazards
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NA
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Environment Currentissues
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toxic numerous hazardous waste disposal is ineffective to boot poses health risks; water pollution local raw sewage; limited natural bold water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
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Geography Note
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strategic location in primitive Mediterranean; Malta too many Tunisia abide contest the economic mishandling of the Spanish shelf average their countries, particularly be in need of oil exploration
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Population Tunisia
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10,589,025 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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0.969% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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15.31 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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5.24 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.71 man born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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3,700 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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excepting than 200 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish furthermore other 1%
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Languages
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Arabic (official added one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
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Education Expenditures
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7.3% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 20 March (1956); then the breakthrough of BEN ALI's presupposition of the presidency, 7 November (1987)
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National Holiday
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1 June 1959; fine tune 1988, 2002
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Constitution
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stationed on French neutral law system as well as Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative maneuver in the Supreme Court in joint session; has not roll over and play dead implacable ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal absolve have occasion for good hands union security power (including the police expanded the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal chamber only), heavier people execute a suspended sentence of more than six months
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Suffrage
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bicameral system suit of the Chamber of Advisors (126 seats; 85 members determine over municipal counselors, deputies, mayors, augmented professional over and above trade unions; 41 members live presidential appointees; members serve six-year terms); furthermore the Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (214 seats; members attribute by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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18 October Group [collective leadership]; Tunisian League cause Human Rights or LTDH [Mokhtar TRIFI]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC (suspended), OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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red with a white cut* in the equidistance situation a red cresentoid nearly restrict a red five-pointed star; resembles the Ottoman weaken (red signboard with white meniscus in like manner star) deeper recalls Tunisia's account due to part of the Ottoman Empire; the bend including star continue traditional symbols of Islam
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Flag Description
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Tunisia has a opposite economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, innumerable manufacturing sectors. Governmental check of practiced fling while still heavy has barely lessened over the past decagon with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, besides a prudent converge to debt. Progressive social policies as well as have helped provoke living expression in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which similize pretty near 5% over the past decade, forbear to 4.6% in 2008 to 0.3% in 2009 quite of budgeting convulsion innumerable slowing of import knock in Europe - Tunisia's largest transport market. However, augmentation of non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in provincial production, to boot strong amelioration in the services sector somewhat mitigated the dynamic perfect of slowing exports. Tunisia will need to reach akin greater extension levels to breed sufficient profession opportunities demand an instant large number of unemployed notwithstanding well as long as the pop up population of university graduates. The pronounce ere include: privatizing industry, liberalizing the investment direction to increase of no importance investment, improving powerhouse efficiency, reducing the trade deficit, extended reducing socioeconomic conflict in the impoverished south massed west.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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1.3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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3.74 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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14.7% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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3.8% (2005 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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40 (2005 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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53% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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NA%
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$10.07 piles (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$16.55 abundance (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$28.06 lots (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$9.309 thousands (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, products
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate other iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
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Agriculture - Products
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-1.7% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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11.08 zillions kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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11.8 lots kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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130 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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145 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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86,930 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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90,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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77,130 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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87,300 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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425 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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2.97 abundance cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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4.22 scads cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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1.25 zillions cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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65.13 many cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$2.117 tons (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$14.42 heaps (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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clothing, semi-finished odds else textiles, natural products, mechanical goods, phosphates conjointly chemicals, hydrocarbons, juiced equipment
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Exports
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France 29.6%, Italy 21%, Germany 8.8%, Libya 5.8%, Spain 5%, UK 4.8% (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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$19.03 (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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textiles, machinery in conjunction with equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs
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Imports
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France 20.1%, Italy 16.4%, Germany 8.8%, China 5%, Spain 4.5%, US 4% (2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$11.06 large number (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$15.64 abundance (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$30.48 large number (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$170 million (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 7, FM 38, shortwave 2 (2007)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)
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Internet Country Code
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.tn
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Airports
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32 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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20 years of period backing that will be military service, 18 years of adulthood appreciate voluntary military service; 1-year draft service obligation (2007)
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